Different styles of painting

Painting is a process in which paint is applied to a surface such as paper, canvas or wall and an effect is created. The person who performs this process is called a painter. The age of painting among humans is six times as old as the use of written language.

Painting can be divided into two main types:

1. Visual painting: the artist conveys to the audience what he sees in nature and living things, without veils and only through the canvas.

2. Abstract painting: the artist has reached an understanding of painting and art that gives depth to his painting beyond a normal view and prompts the viewer to think more deeply.

In the following, we briefly explain some of the most important painting styles.

realism

Realism means realism, a way of thinking based on the belief that the existence of objects and phenomena is independent of human perception and senses, that is, it is a way in which the artist must avoid any "feelings" in the representation of nature (nature without humans and with humans). Gary" refrain. In the field of art and literature, realism is a way of visualizing facts and realities. The realism painting style is the opposite of the romantic style. The main distinguishing feature of realism (exactly 19th century realism), which is the subject of our discussion here, is the realism of the middle of the 19th century and its main representative (Courbet) avoids any pleasing themes, does not make slogans. And he doesn't make sweet promises, he shows the reality as it is. The most important branch of realism in the 19th century is social realism, which discusses social and political issues. As we mentioned above, the main representative of realism is Gustave Courbet, a great French painter, and Illyarpin, a Russian painter.

romanticism

Romanticism, as its name suggests, should be considered as an emotional reaction against rationality. A desire to highlight the human self, a tendency towards imagination and dreams, towards the historical past and towards unknown lands. Romanticism means tending to romantic issues (imaginary and unreal) and it refers to the way that opposition to the philosophical, political and artistic foundations of neoclassicism arose in Europe at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century.

Impressionism

Impressionism can be considered the first different modern movement in the field of painting. This movement flourished in Paris in the 1860s and its influence appeared in all of Europe and then in America. Its pioneers were artists who boycotted official and government exhibitions and avoided academic art institutions. The main goal of Jenish Impressionism was to record the transient and emotional impact of a scene - an impression that the subject makes on the eye in a fleeting moment. This title was adapted from a painting (Monet) called (Impression of sunrise) that showed the play of light on water. The mentioned title was used for the first time in an exhibition of works (Monet, Renoir, Sisley, Pissarro, Cézanne, Degas) and several others.

With this method, visual honesty towards nature reaches its perfection. But this excess of naturalism (scientific naturalism) naturally paved the way for an anti-naturalistic and general artistic reaction, the style (post-impressionism).

Expressionism

Expressionism is the name of an art school. Expressionism is a new way of visual expression in which the artist uses strong colors, crooked shapes and rough lines to express his intense emotions. It is used in colors and shapes. In other words, expressionism is a method free from naturalism and wants to make emotional states clearer. This method has existed in this sense since the distant past, and German painters were the founders of this method.

cubism

Cubism, the origin of all abstract art, cannot be defined simply, because Cubism was neither inspired by a specific philosophy nor relied on a specific aesthetic theory. This method was created based on the belief that conventional art methods and conventions, especially (painting), are incorrect and outdated, so the generation of young artists must discover or invent a new means of visual expression. One of the main goals of cubism was to present the concrete reality of everything without resorting to tricks and deception.

abstract

Abstract or abstract art is an art that does not believe in the content of the work of art and only emphasizes the aesthetic values ​​of form and color. Therefore, many decorative works of art are classified as abstract art.

Among the leaders of abstract expressionism art in the new era, we can mention Wassily Kandinsky. Abstract art has various derivatives, such as: Abstract Expressionism, Action Painting, and Tashism. In these last three methods, the main emphasis is on self-motivation and lack of commitment in creating shapes and patterns.

surrealism

(Dada) was a nihilistic movement that was formed in Zurich during the First World War. This anti-art and meaningless movement was the result of a kind of excitement and nervous shock caused by the war that lasted from 1915 to 1922. The most famous example of (Dadaist) works was a picture of (Mona Lisa) for which the French painter (Duchamp) had put a mustache. Dada movement can be considered one of the basics of surrealism style.

Surrealism, which arose from the union of some aspects of Cubism such as Dada Klazhupochism. It has a long history in the history of art. After the decline (of Dadaism) in 1922, Andre Broughton brought together the rest of the Dadaists under the name Surrealist. The goal of this newly formed group was to get the artist away from the usual circle of visual ideas and also from all the accepted methods so that he could start creating according to the suggestions of his unconscious mind. Therefore, it can be said that surrealism combined dream and reality. The method of surrealism developed in two directions. One is fantasy and the other is a conscious reconstruction of the dream world.